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Canadian Public Health Association

Addressing Health Inequities in Canada

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PUBLIC HEALTH MATTERS

Health inequities in Canada disproportionately affect marginalized groups, including Indigenous peoples, racialized communities, and low-income populations. These inequities result in poorer health outcomes, shorter life expectancy, and increased rates of chronic disease. The federal government must play a central role in addressing these disparities and ensuring equitable access to healthcare and public health resources for all Canadians.

A Higher Standard

Health inequities persist across Canada, disproportionately affecting structurally disadvantaged populations, including Indigenous communities, Black people, racialized individuals, and low-income populations. Research indicates that people in these groups experience poorer health outcomes, higher rates of chronic diseases, and reduced access to primary healthcare services (Government of Canada, 2024).

The social determinants of health, such as income, education, housing, and employment, play a crucial role in shaping health outcomes. In Canada, individuals in lower-income brackets have significantly shorter life expectancies compared to those in higher-income brackets (Canadian Institute for Health Information, 2024).

It’s time for Canada to do better.

Why It Matters

Health inequities contribute to preventable illnesses and increased healthcare costs. A lack of access to primary care and preventive services leads to higher rates of hospitalization and emergency room visits among structurally disadvantaged populations (Public Health Agency of Canada, 2021).

Mental health disparities also persist, with Indigenous people and racialized individuals facing higher rates of mental health challenges but encountering systemic barriers to accessing mental health services (Mental Health Commission of Canada, 2016).

A strong federal commitment to addressing health inequities is necessary to create a healthier, more just society where all people in Canada have equitable opportunities for good health.

Policy Solutions for the Next Federal Government

  1. Develop a National Health Equity Strategy: Create and fund a comprehensive strategy focused on reducing health disparities, with specific targets for Indigenous, racialized, and low-income communities.
  2. Enhance Data Collection on Health Inequities: Invest in the collection and analysis of health data by race, ethnicity, and socio-economic status to better understand and address disparities.
  3. Support Indigenous Health Programs: Ensure long-term funding for Indigenous-led health services that are culturally appropriate and aligned with the priorities of Indigenous communities.

Questions for the Candidates

  • Will your party commit to a national health equity strategy that includes targeted funding for structurally disadvantaged communities?
  • How will your party address the social determinants of health, such as housing, income, and employment, to improve health outcomes?
  • What steps will your party take to ensure equitable access to health services, including mental health support, for all people in Canada?

Resources